At-home bowel screening involves a test that looks for very small amounts of blood in poo that is non-visible to the naked eye in people who do not have any obvious symptoms of bowel cancer.

The at-home bowel screening test is called a faecal immunochemical test (FIT).

The faecal immunochemical test has been selected as the preferred testing method for Bowel Cancer Australia’s BowelScreen Australia Program and the Department of Health’s tax-payer funded National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP).

How to test

The faecal immunochemical test involves collecting toilet water or poo samples, placing them on a card or in a container, and mailing them to a pathology laboratory for analysis.

The results are then sent back to you and your GP.

Understanding the Results

A positive test result means blood in poo has been detected. If blood is detected, you should contact your GP immediately to discuss the result and obtain a referral for further investigation via colonoscopy within 30 days.

The presence of blood in poo may be due to conditions other than bowel cancer, such as medications, polyps, haemorrhoids, or inflammation of the bowel, but the underlying cause of the bleeding needs to be investigated by colonoscopy. During the procedure, any polyps can be identified and removed or a diagnosis of bowel cancer confirmed.

A negative test result means blood in poo has not been detected and it is recommended that you repeat the test every 2 years.

However, this does not mean that you do not have, or can never develop, bowel cancer, since some bowel cancers do not bleed or only bleed on and off. In between times, if you develop any symptoms of bowel cancer, see your GP immediately.

Screening tests have risks

False-negative test results can occur
Screening test results may appear to be normal even though bowel cancer is present. A person who receives a false-negative test result (one that shows there is no blood in poo when there really is) may delay seeking medical care.

False-positive test results can occur
Screening test results may appear to be abnormal even though no blood in poo is present. A false-positive test result (one that shows there is blood in poo when there really isn’t) can cause anxiety and is usually followed by further investigations (such as colonoscopy), which also have risks.

Effectiveness

Screening using a faecal immunochemical test is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of dying from bowel cancer. The test can detect blood in poo caused from pre-cancerous polyps or from early stage bowel cancer. The test however does not detect bowel cancer itself.

Almost 99% of bowel cancer cases can be successfully treated, when detected in its earliest stage. 

The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been selected as the preferred testing method for Bowel Cancer Australia’s BowelScreen Australia Program and the Australian Government’s National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP).

BowelScreen Australia 

Bowel Cancer Australia launched BowelScreen Australia to provide greater access to bowel cancer screening for those ineligible for the government program.

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Government screening program

The Australian Government introduced the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) to reduce the number of deaths from bowel cancer in Australia.

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BowelScreen Australia

If you are ineligible to participate in the government screening program, you can purchase a screening test from Bowel Cancer Australia by calling 1800 727 336 (SCREEN) or ordering online.